¿Qué es el Índice Nacional de Precios al Consumidor (INPC)?
El Índice Nacional de Precios al Consumidor (por sus siglas INPC) es un indicador económico de los precios de un grupo de productos o servicios adquiridos por la población de manera regular que mide a través del tiempo cuanto han variado estos.
El INEGI, a partir del 15 de julio de 2011, es la entidad facultada para elaborar y publicar los indices nacionales de precios, anteriormente era una facultad del Banco de México
¿Para que sirve el INPC?
El INPC sirve principalmente para conocer el ritmo en qué aumentan los precios y aplicar medidas para frenar este aumento, conocido como inflación, que es un fenómeno que se observa en la economía del país y está relacionado con el aumento desordenado de los precios de la mayor parte de los bienes y servicios.
Además de su utilización como medida de la inflación, el INPC tiene las siguiente utilidades:
Como AUXILIAR
- En el cálculo de pagos de intereses, montos de alquiler, contratos privados y precios de los bonos que suelen estar indexados al INPC.
- En la determinación de los incrementos salariales, los montos de las jubilaciones y las prestaciones de seguridad social.
- Para las autoridades financieras y hacendarias del país en el diseño y evaluación de las políticas monetarias y fiscales, orientadas a procurar la estabilidad del poder adquisitivo de la moneda nacional y unas finanzas públicas sanas.
El INPC es DETERMINANTE
- Del valor de la Unidad De Inversión (UDI).
Empleado como FACTOR
- De actualización de los créditos fiscales.
- De actualización de valores nominales y como deflactor del Sistema de Cuentas Nacionales de México.
- Para actualizar la Unidad de Medida y Actualización (UMA).
Otros usos
- Referente en negociaciones contractuales.
- Herramienta estadística para empresas e investigadores.
INPC Histórico
Histórico Índices de Precios al Consumidor
Período: Ene 1969 – Dic 2020
Mensual, Índice base segunda quincena de julio 2018 = 100
| ENE | FEB | MAR | ABR | MAY | JUN | JUL | AGO | SEP | OCT | NOV | DIC | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 106.447 | 106.889 | 106.838 | 105.755 | 106.162 | 106.743 | 107.444 | 108.114 | 107.482 | 108.774 | 108.856 | 109.271 |
| 2019 | 103.108 | 103.079 | 103.476 | 103.531 | 103.233 | 103.299 | 103.687 | 103.67 | 103.942 | 104.503 | 105.346 | 105.934 |
| 2018 | 98.795 | 99.171374 | 99.492157 | 99.154847 | 98.99408 | 99.376465 | 99.909 | 100.492 | 100.917 | 101.44 | 102.303 | 103.02 |
| 2017 | 93.603882 | 94.14478 | 94.722489 | 94.838933 | 94.725494 | 94.96364 | 95.322736 | 95.793768 | 96.093515 | 96.698269 | 97.695174 | 98.272883 |
| 2016 | 89.386381 | 89.777781 | 89.910001 | 89.625278 | 89.225615 | 89.324028 | 89.556914 | 89.809333 | 90.357744 | 90.906154 | 91.616834 | 92.039035 |
| 2015 | 87.110103 | 87.275377 | 87.630717 | 87.40384 | 86.967366 | 87.113108 | 87.24082 | 87.424875 | 87.752419 | 88.203919 | 88.685468 | 89.046818 |
| 2014 | 84.519052 | 84.733157 | 84.965292 | 84.806779 | 84.535579 | 84.682072 | 84.914959 | 85.219965 | 85.59634 | 86.069626 | 86.763778 | 87.188984 |
| 2013 | 80.892782 | 81.290943 | 81.887433 | 81.941523 | 81.66882 | 81.619238 | 81.592193 | 81.824328 | 82.13234 | 82.522988 | 83.292265 | 83.770058 |
| 2012 | 78.343049 | 78.502314 | 78.547389 | 78.30098 | 78.053819 | 78.413667 | 78.853897 | 79.09054 | 79.439119 | 79.841036 | 80.383437 | 80.568243 |
| 2011 | 75.295991 | 75.57846 | 75.723451 | 75.717441 | 75.159264 | 75.155508 | 75.516107 | 75.635555 | 75.821113 | 76.332712 | 77.158333 | 77.792385 |
| 2010 | 72.552046 | 72.971671 | 73.489725 | 73.255565 | 72.793978 | 72.771183 | 72.92919 | 73.13175 | 73.51511 | 73.968926 | 74.561581 | 74.930954 |
| 2009 | 69.456149 | 69.609494 | 70.00995 | 70.25499 | 70.050358 | 70.179354 | 70.370516 | 70.538884 | 70.892716 | 71.107191 | 71.476046 | 71.771855 |
| 2008 | 65.350564 | 65.544834 | 66.019891 | 66.170127 | 66.098635 | 66.372168 | 66.742059 | 67.127492 | 67.584935 | 68.045486 | 68.818942 | 69.295552 |
| 2007 | 63.016208 | 63.192347 | 63.329113 | 63.291295 | 62.982534 | 63.05817 | 63.326005 | 63.583996 | 64.077703 | 64.327405 | 64.781221 | 65.049056 |
| 2006 | 60.603626 | 60.696358 | 60.772512 | 60.861617 | 60.590675 | 60.642998 | 60.809294 | 61.119609 | 61.736612 | 62.006519 | 62.331857 | 62.692424 |
| 2005 | 58.30916 | 58.503431 | 58.767121 | 58.976415 | 58.828251 | 58.771783 | 59.0018 | 59.072255 | 59.309006 | 59.45458 | 59.882493 | 60.250312 |
| 2004 | 55.774317 | 56.107945 | 56.298071 | 56.383032 | 56.241603 | 56.331745 | 56.47939 | 56.828041 | 57.297917 | 57.694747 | 58.186899 | 58.307088 |
| 2003 | 53.525441 | 53.674122 | 54.01293 | 54.105144 | 53.93056 | 53.975112 | 54.053339 | 54.21549 | 54.538238 | 54.738207 | 55.192542 | 55.429811 |
| 2002 | 50.900472 | 50.86775 | 51.127948 | 51.407235 | 51.511429 | 51.762586 | 51.911181 | 52.10856 | 52.421984 | 52.653036 | 53.078877 | 53.30993 |
| 2001 | 48.575476 | 48.543328 | 48.850888 | 49.097309 | 49.20997 | 49.326364 | 49.198202 | 49.489688 | 49.950381 | 50.176135 | 50.365149 | 50.434899 |
| 2000 | 44.93083 | 45.32938 | 45.580681 | 45.840018 | 46.011379 | 46.28392 | 46.464466 | 46.719785 | 47.061072 | 47.385136 | 47.790288 | 48.307671 |
| 1999 | 40.46977 | 41.013643 | 41.394684 | 41.774577 | 42.025877 | 42.302006 | 42.58158 | 42.821255 | 43.235018 | 43.508851 | 43.895776 | 44.335516 |
| 1998 | 34.003924 | 34.599238 | 35.004533 | 35.332042 | 35.613481 | 36.03442 | 36.381878 | 36.731632 | 37.327376 | 37.862269 | 38.532786 | 39.472974 |
| 1997 | 29.498886 | 29.994598 | 30.367889 | 30.695972 | 30.976119 | 31.250957 | 31.523211 | 31.803502 | 32.199613 | 32.456941 | 32.820042 | 33.279875 |
| 1996 | 23.329754 | 23.874262 | 24.399826 | 25.09345 | 25.550842 | 25.966902 | 26.336031 | 26.686072 | 27.112751 | 27.451168 | 27.867083 | 28.759336 |
| 1995 | 15.376991 | 16.028707 | 16.973617 | 18.326133 | 19.09209 | 19.698024 | 20.099588 | 20.432981 | 20.855643 | 21.284762 | 21.809608 | 22.520167 |
| 1994 | 13.950375 | 14.022124 | 14.094225 | 14.163251 | 14.231682 | 14.302895 | 14.366327 | 14.433287 | 14.535937 | 14.612245 | 14.690361 | 14.819204 |
| 1993 | 12.97732 | 13.083345 | 13.159594 | 13.23548 | 13.311137 | 13.385797 | 13.450123 | 13.522112 | 13.622261 | 13.677973 | 13.738302 | 13.843055 |
| 1992 | 11.657778 | 11.7959 | 11.915948 | 12.022171 | 12.101438 | 12.183345 | 12.260272 | 12.335592 | 12.442897 | 12.532494 | 12.63662 | 12.816553 |
| 1991 | 9.88388 | 10.056425 | 10.19984 | 10.306688 | 10.407442 | 10.516648 | 10.609584 | 10.683423 | 10.78985 | 10.915343 | 11.186374 | 11.44968 |
| 1990 | 7.776037 | 7.95212 | 8.09231 | 8.215472 | 8.358838 | 8.542939 | 8.698735 | 8.84695 | 8.973061 | 9.10206 | 9.343723 | 9.638214 |
| 1989 | 6.349024 | 6.435184 | 6.504945 | 6.602224 | 6.693099 | 6.774385 | 6.842148 | 6.907333 | 6.973393 | 7.076525 | 7.175855 | 7.41803 |
| 1988 | 4.718246 | 5.111783 | 5.373547 | 5.538941 | 5.646109 | 5.761292 | 5.857457 | 5.911343 | 5.945139 | 5.990486 | 6.070654 | 6.197316 |
| 1987 | 1.704401 | 1.827386 | 1.948153 | 2.118606 | 2.278325 | 2.443146 | 2.641022 | 2.856872 | 3.045081 | 3.298845 | 3.560511 | 4.086392 |
| 1986 | 0.834092 | 0.871174 | 0.911667 | 0.959263 | 1.01257 | 1.077567 | 1.131333 | 1.221531 | 1.294812 | 1.368824 | 1.461304 | 1.576735 |
| 1985 | 0.502711 | 0.523596 | 0.543885 | 0.560621 | 0.573902 | 0.588276 | 0.608763 | 0.635377 | 0.660752 | 0.685852 | 0.717495 | 0.76634 |
| 1984 | 0.312728 | 0.329232 | 0.343304 | 0.358156 | 0.370032 | 0.383423 | 0.395993 | 0.407249 | 0.41938 | 0.434034 | 0.448929 | 0.467996 |
| 1983 | 0.180355 | 0.190034 | 0.199232 | 0.211846 | 0.221034 | 0.229404 | 0.240746 | 0.250091 | 0.257787 | 0.266341 | 0.281983 | 0.294047 |
| 1982 | 0.085866 | 0.08924 | 0.092499 | 0.097512 | 0.102993 | 0.107954 | 0.113517 | 0.126256 | 0.132995 | 0.13989 | 0.146963 | 0.162656 |
| 1981 | 0.065615 | 0.067227 | 0.068665 | 0.070213 | 0.071275 | 0.072271 | 0.073544 | 0.07506 | 0.076456 | 0.078153 | 0.079657 | 0.081801 |
| 1980 | 0.051342 | 0.052529 | 0.05361 | 0.054547 | 0.055437 | 0.056536 | 0.058115 | 0.059319 | 0.059978 | 0.060886 | 0.061942 | 0.063567 |
| 1979 | 0.042237 | 0.042845 | 0.043426 | 0.043815 | 0.044389 | 0.044881 | 0.045425 | 0.046112 | 0.046678 | 0.047493 | 0.048104 | 0.048956 |
| 1978 | 0.035892 | 0.036408 | 0.036787 | 0.037196 | 0.03756 | 0.038077 | 0.038723 | 0.039109 | 0.039555 | 0.040034 | 0.040446 | 0.040789 |
| 1977 | 0.030027 | 0.03069 | 0.031225 | 0.031697 | 0.031976 | 0.032368 | 0.032734 | 0.033405 | 0.033998 | 0.034258 | 0.034632 | 0.035112 |
| 1976 | 0.023319 | 0.023755 | 0.023988 | 0.024156 | 0.024325 | 0.024423 | 0.024629 | 0.024865 | 0.025713 | 0.027161 | 0.028388 | 0.0291 |
| 1975 | 0.020816 | 0.020931 | 0.021063 | 0.021241 | 0.021525 | 0.021891 | 0.022066 | 0.022257 | 0.022419 | 0.022534 | 0.022692 | 0.022877 |
| 1974 | 0.017653 | 0.018052 | 0.018191 | 0.018438 | 0.018583 | 0.018766 | 0.019038 | 0.019239 | 0.019457 | 0.019843 | 0.020394 | 0.020553 |
| 1973 | 0.014246 | 0.014363 | 0.01449 | 0.014719 | 0.014876 | 0.014998 | 0.015382 | 0.015629 | 0.016001 | 0.016206 | 0.016406 | 0.017043 |
| 1972 | 0.013362 | 0.013403 | 0.013476 | 0.013561 | 0.013588 | 0.013689 | 0.01374 | 0.013831 | 0.013894 | 0.013904 | 0.013994 | 0.014042 |
| 1971 | 0.012799 | 0.012852 | 0.012901 | 0.012967 | 0.012994 | 0.013053 | 0.013043 | 0.013162 | 0.013205 | 0.013218 | 0.01324 | 0.013303 |
| 1970 | 0.012198 | 0.012196 | 0.012232 | 0.012248 | 0.012274 | 0.012348 | 0.012409 | 0.012466 | 0.012496 | 0.0125 | 0.012568 | 0.012674 |
| 1969 | 0.011595 | 0.011636 | 0.011648 | 0.01168 | 0.01168 | 0.011721 | 0.011766 | 0.011779 | 0.011889 | 0.012014 | 0.012015 | 0.012106 |